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Works Better Corporation, a nonpartisan public benefit corporation, builds this site.

Independent public-records project, separate from the State of Colorado and from every party and campaign.

Every number carries one of four labels (FACT, CALC, SAMPLE or PENDING) and a source you can open.

The Project Series No. 01 — Central 70, THE COVER
The Cover, No. 01 in The Project Series. The print is series art made for this page, and it carries no figures.

The Whole Tab · State of Colorado

Central 70 Project

Every layer of money behind the Central 70 Project, on one ruler. The same dollars can sit in more than one budget, so each one is counted once, at the layer that raised it.

Counted once CALC
$1,117M

Each dollar at the layer that raised it, grades A and B only.

Every budget line added CALC
$2,131M

What adding every budget the dollars appear in gives. It counts the same money more than once.

Cost on file FACT
$1,271M

TIFIA-eligible project cost, grade B.

FACT CALC PENDING Honesty Framework Each line carries its label and grade, and every total uses grades A and B only. A blank is left blank, and the table says why. Every total uses grades A and B only.

Next: The Ledger strip

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Every layer of money, each dollar once

View
Default view

Ledger strip

One row per layer of money on one dollar ruler. The top row is the total: each dollar counted once, and each numbered line under it adds into it. A dashed line drops from the dollars to every budget that carries them.

Second view

Separations

The same rows as printing plates, one layer of money on each. Plates inked in one column hold the same dollars. Every width and the ruler are the same as in the strip.

$1,117Mcounted once CALC
$2,131Mevery budget line added CALC

Counted once: ① State of Colorado $850M + ② State of Colorado $180M + ③ Federal government $50M + ④ City and County of Denver $37M = $1,117M, lines graded A or B only. Every budget line adds the same dollars again for each budget that carries them, and adds the financing too. It shows how a sum of budgets reads too high.

Counted once: $1,117M. Every budget line added: $2,131M. The table under the drawing lists every line with its label, grade and source.THE TOTALCentral 70Projecteach dollar counted onceevery line, end to end①②③④FEDERALFederalgovernment③ $50M$416M$39.1MREGIONALDenver RegionalCouncil ofGovernments$50MSTATEState ofColorado① $850M② $180M2 amounts not published$319MCITYCity and Countyof Denver④ $37M$2.69MPRIVATE · NAMES WITHHELDPrivate partnerand bondholders$120.7M$65.9M$0.4Mloan-eligible cost $1,271Mtotal, counted once $1,117Mevery line $2,131M$1,014M is the same money again$0$500M$1B$1.5B$2BONE DOLLAR RULERtwo bases: see the noteCounted once: $1,117M. Every budget line added: $2,131M. The table under the drawing lists every line with its label, grade and source.THE TOTALCentral 70 Projecteach dollar counted onceevery line, end to end①②③④FEDERALFederal government③ $50M$416M$39.1MREGIONALDenver Regional Council of Governments$50MSTATEState of Colorado① $850M② $180M2 amounts not published$319MCITYCity and County of Denver④ $37M$2.69MPRIVATE · NAMES WITHHELDPrivate partner and bondholders$120.7M$65.9M$0.4Mloan-eligible cost $1,271Mtotal, counted once $1,117Mevery line $2,131M$1,014M is the same money again$0$500M$1B$1.5B$2BOne dollar ruler, two bases: see the note

The plates are wider than this screen. Scroll them sideways.

Counted once: $1,117M. Every budget line added: $2,131M. The table under the drawing lists every line with its label, grade and source.THE TOTALCentral 70Projecteach dollar counted onceevery line, end to end①②③④FEDERALFederalgovernment③ $50M$416M$39.1MREGIONALDenver RegionalCouncil ofGovernments$50MSTATEState ofColorado① $850M② $180M2 amounts not published$319MCITYCity and Countyof Denver④ $37M$2.69MPRIVATE · NAMES WITHHELDPrivate partnerand bondholders$120.7M$65.9M$0.4Mloan-eligible cost $1,271Mtotal, counted once $1,117Mevery line $2,131M$1,014M is the same money again$0$500M$1B$1.5B$2BONE DOLLAR RULERtwo bases: see the note

Two lines are 30-year present values. The rest are dollars as paid. So the counted-once total mixes two bases.

CDOT gives the total project cost as $1.2B. The ruler marks $1,271M, the cost the federal loan program counted as eligible. Two publishers state the two figures, and they measure different things.

Two amounts are not published. They are drawn as an open notch with no width and left out of every total.

Ask it
Who raised the money? Central 70 Project

The State of Colorado raised most of it

Counted once, at the layer that raised it, the money in official records is $1,117M. The State of Colorado raised $1,030M. The federal government raised $50M. The City and County of Denver raised $37M.

Whose books carry it? Central 70 Project

Added budget by budget, it reads $2,131M

Counted once, the same money is $1,117M. $52.7M of it is carried: the same dollars in a second budget. The Denver Regional Council of Governments carries $50M. $961.1M is financing: cash fronted to build it and repaid from the funding, so it is never added.

What has been spent? Central 70 Project

No line records spending yet

The lines here are 11 committed and one budgeted. Spending shows here when an official record states it, and it is drawn in solid ink.

What can nobody see? Central 70 Project

Two amounts are not published

Not published: CDOT existing I-70 corridor operations and maintenance spending; Express toll lane revenue. The counted-once total mixes 30-year present values with dollars as paid. No record states the long payments on one basis.

Point at or tab to any mark to trace the same dollars through every budget. Enter pins it.

Next: Every budget line

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Every budget line

$2,131Mevery budget line added CALC
$1,117Mcounted once CALC

Every budget line adds the same dollars again for each budget that carries them, and adds the financing too. That is what a sum of budgets gives, and it reads too high: counted once, at the layer that raised each dollar, the Central 70 Project is $1,117M.

16 lines, each with its label, grade and source.

Every line of money behind the Central 70 Project, with its label, grade and source
LineWhose booksRoleAmountLabelSource
Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration feesNet present value over 30 years, as the profile prints it. Paid as the capital part of the availability payments.State of ColoradoRaised herecommitted$850,000,00030-year present valueFACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, Funding Sourcesread 16 October 2026
General Fund transfers to CDOTLaw: Senate Bill 09-228 (2009).State of ColoradoRaised herecommitted$180,000,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, Funding Sourcesread 16 October 2026
Federal Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality fundsThe profile prints this once, under the regional council that carried it. The federal government raised it, so it counts here, once.Federal governmentRaised herecommitted$50,000,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, Funding Sourcesread 16 October 2026
The same federal funds, passed through the regional councilSame dollars as: Federal Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality funds.Denver Regional Council of GovernmentsCarriedcommitted$50,000,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, Funding Sourcesread 16 October 2026
Denver share of operations, maintenance and renewalNet present value over 30 years, as the profile prints it.City and County of DenverRaised herecommitted$37,000,00030-year present valueFACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, Funding Sourcesread 16 October 2026
Denver 2026 appropriation, I-70 Availability PaymentSame dollars as: Denver share of operations, maintenance and renewal. One year of the Denver share above, from the city's Final 2026 budget book. The book calls the line I-70 Availability Payment and does not name Central 70, so placing it here is our reading.City and County of DenverCarriedbudgeted$2,688,010FACT ACity and County of Denver, Final 2026 budget book, capital schedule, Capital Improvement Fundread 16 October 2026
CDOT existing I-70 corridor operations and maintenance spendingState of ColoradoRaised herePENDING The profile names this source of the operations, maintenance and renewal payments and prints no amount.Not published
Express toll lane revenueState of ColoradoRaised herePENDING The profile names toll revenue as a source of the operations, maintenance and renewal payments and prints no amount.Not published
Federal TIFIA loanRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees. Secured by the availability payments. A $464.96 million TIFIA loan replaced it in September 2021; that loan is the last federal line in this table.Federal governmentFinancingcommitted$416,000,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
TIFIA capitalized interestRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees.Federal governmentFinancingcommitted$39,100,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
Milestone payments during construction, from the two state enterprisesRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees.State of ColoradoFinancingcommitted$319,000,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
Private activity bondsRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees. The Build America Bureau prints $114.7 million of proceeds and a $6.3 million premium, which add to $121.0 million; this line keeps the profile's $120.7 million.Private partner and bondholders WITHHELDFinancingcommitted$120,700,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
Partner equityRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees. The Build America Bureau prints $66 million.Private partner and bondholders WITHHELDFinancingcommitted$65,900,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
Interest incomeRepaid from: Bridge Enterprise share, from the bridge safety surcharge on vehicle registration fees.Private partner and bondholders WITHHELDFinancingcommitted$400,000FACT BFHWA Project Profile: Central 70, concessionaire's financing sourcesread 16 October 2026
TIFIA loan that replaced the first one, September 2021The lender's own record. It replaced the $416 million loan at a lower rate and added nearly $50 million of principal. Shown in the table only, never added.Federal governmentContext, not added$464,960,000FACT AU.S. DOT Build America Bureau, Central 70 project page, Financial Statusread 16 October 2026
CDOT's own total project cost, from its announcement of the projectCDOT's 5 December 2022 completion release repeats it ("At $1.2 billion"). The $1,271 million on the ruler is a different measure: the cost the federal loan program counted as eligible.State of ColoradoContext, not added$1,200,000,000FACT ACDOT news release, 5 December 2022, Central 70 completion ("At $1.2 billion"); the dataset reads the same figure from CDOT's August 2017 selection releaseread 16 October 2026

Not published, and what would close each gap

Sources

The ledger was reviewed on 16 October 2026. Contractors, private partners and investors are withheld on every project. A figure that changes is logged in the corrections log.